As an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), postprandial triglyceride (TG), which has vital clinical implications, is a worthwhile contender as a potential therapeutic target ( 5, 6). ![]() Long-term disorders of lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability can occur through postprandial hyperlipidemia, and it participates in AS-related processes ( 4). With the growing awareness of postprandial lipemia, its dynamic change is thought to be closely related to AS. The viewpoint that atherosclerosis (AS) is a postprandial phenomenon was proposed by Zilversmit as early as 1979 ( 3). Therefore, fasting lipemia cannot comprehensively and accurately reflect lipid metabolism ( 1, 2). Hyperlipidemia clinical diagnosis requires fasting lipemia, but individuals are in the postprandial state for most of the 24 h. Whether intervention of gut microbiota can reduce postprandial lipemia, and therefore against AS, may be worthy of further study. Gut microbiota is closely related to lipid metabolism, and some studies have indicated that intestinal microorganisms may affect lipid metabolism as environmental factors. Novel medications such as pemafibrate, PCSK9, and apoCIII inhibitors have been the focus of research in recent years. As medicinal intervention, statin, fibrate, ezetimibe, omega-3 fatty acids, and niacin have been found to improve postprandial lipid levels. Non-medicinal intervention such as diet and exercise improves postprandial lipemia. The intervention of postprandial lipemia is discussed. The research progress on the effects of postprandial lipemia on endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation is highlighted. The possible mechanisms between postprandial lipemia and cardiovascular disease have been reviewed in this article by referring to relevant literature in recent years. Diurnal triglyceride patterns and postprandial hyperlipidemia are very relevant and are now insufficiently covered. ![]() The studies on postprandial lipemia mainly include TG, TRL, VLDL, CM, and remnant cholesterol. Therefore, it has become a focus area for further research. Postprandial lipemia plays an important role in the formation, occurrence, and development of atherosclerosis, and it is closely related to coronary heart disease and other diseases involving endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and other mechanisms. 4Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.3Clinical Laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.2Cardiovascular Department, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.1Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.Yixi Zhao 1 †, Longtao Liu 2 †, Shengjie Yang 1, Guijian Liu 3, Limin Pan 1, Chun Gu 3, Yang Wang 1, Dan Li 1, Ran Zhao 4 and Min Wu 1 *
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